Warrantless Electronic Surveillance without Judicial Review or Probable Cause

What is the extent of warrantless federal electronic surveillance of U.S. citizens without judicial review or probable cause? For some views see

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/23/opinion/whos-watching-the-nsa-watchers.html?ref=surveillanceofcitizensbygovernment

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/23/opinion/the-national-security-agencys-domestic-spying-program.html?ref=surveillanceofcitizensbygovernment 

  http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/24/us/politics/sidebar-public-in-the-dark-about-surveillance-orders.html?ref=surveillanceofcitizensbygovernment   

Cf. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/22/us/justices-agree-to-hear-surveillance-challenge.html?ref=surveillanceofcitizensbygovernment

Has 9/11 deprived us and our government of a sense of proportion? Has 9/11 created a widespread feeling of hyper-paranoia? (What comes to my mind are recent reports that a years-long surveillance of mosques, Muslims, and other such groups and people by the New York Police Department's "Demographics Unit" failed - it is said - to uncover a single terrorism lead. See    http://www.northjersey.com/news/opinions/167000126_The_Record__Spying_for_nothing.html)   &&& The dynamic evidence page

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